1肝liver2膽囊guts3結腸右曲rightcolicflexure4橫結腸transversecolon5膈diaphragm6胃stomach7大網膜greateromentum[臨床解剖學要點]以橫結腸及其系膜為界將腹膜腔分為結腸上區和結腸下區。結腸上區為膈與橫結腸及其系膜之間的區域,內有肝、膽囊、...[繼續閱讀]

    1橫結腸transversecolon2空腸jejunum3盲腸cecum4結腸左曲leftcolicflexure5降結腸descendingcolon6乙狀結腸sigmoid7回腸ileum[臨床解剖學要點]結腸下區為橫結腸及其系膜與盆底上面之間的區域,內有空腸以下消化管和盆內各器官。該區以腸系膜根和升、...[繼續閱讀]

    1肋弓costalarch2肝liver3壁腹膜parietalperitoneum4劍突xiphoid[臨床解剖學要點]腹膜由間皮及少量結締組織構成,薄而光滑,半透明,襯于腹壁和盆壁內面的部分稱壁腹膜,覆蓋于腹、盆腔器官表面的部分稱臟腹膜,壁、臟腹膜圍成的潛在間隙稱腹...[繼續閱讀]

    1肋弓costalarch2大網膜greateromentum3升結腸ascendingcolon4盲腸cecum5回腸ileum6胃stomach7橫結腸(大網膜覆蓋)transversecolon8降結腸descendingcolon[臨床解剖學要點]大網膜自胃大彎下垂,遮蓋橫結腸和小腸。長度因人而異,男性的大網膜為12～36cm,女性的...[繼續閱讀]

    1結腸右曲rightcolicflexure2升結腸ascendingcolon3盲腸cecum4闌尾appendix5結腸左曲leftcolicflexure6橫結腸transversecolon7降結腸descendingcolon8乙狀結腸sigmoid[臨床解剖學要點]結腸可用于膀胱擴大術或替代術,也可用于尿流輸出道。結腸的特征性結構為...[繼續閱讀]

    (1)回盲部形態(冠狀切面)1升結腸ascendingcolon2回盲瓣ileocecalvalve3盲腸cecum4回腸ileum5回盲口ileocecalorifice6闌尾appendix(2)回盲口黏膜(內鏡觀)(3)闌尾開口(內鏡觀)(4)結腸黏膜(內鏡觀)[臨床解剖學要點]采用盲腸作貯尿囊,原位闌尾作輸出道的可...[繼續閱讀]

    (1)直腸黏膜的特點1直腸壺腹rectalampulla2肛柱rectalcolumn3肛竇analsinus4肛瓣analvalves5直腸橫襞transversefoldsofrectum6肛提肌levatoranim.7肛門內括約肌sphincteraniinternus8肛門外括約肌sphincteraniexternal(2)內鏡下黏膜形態[臨床解剖學要點]直腸長10～14...[繼續閱讀]

    1肛柱rectalcolumn2肛門外括約肌深部deepportionofsphincteraniexternusmuscle3肛門外括約肌淺部superficialportionofsphincteraniexternusmuscie4肛門外括約肌皮下部subcutaneousportionofsphincteraniexternusmuscle5痔hemorrhoid6肛門內括約肌sphincteraniinternal7肛瓣analvalves[臨...[繼續閱讀]

    1十二指腸上部superiorportionofduodenum2十二指腸降部descendingportionofduodenum3胰頭headofpancreas4十二指腸水平部horizontalportionofduodenum5胰頸neckofpancreas6胰體bodyofpancreas7胰尾tallofpancreas8十二指腸空腸曲duodenojejunalflexure9十二指腸升部ascendingportion...[繼續閱讀]

    (1)膽胰管開口(內鏡觀)1十二指腸大乳頭majorduodenalpapilla2十二指腸縱襞longitudinalfoldofduodenum3環狀襞circularfold(2)胰管(鑄型)...[繼續閱讀]