Calenderingistheprocessofsqueezingasoftenedthermoplasticmaterialbetweentwoormorerollstoformacontinuousfilm.Theprocess,originallyadaptedfromtherubberindustry,isamajormethodofproducingplasticfilmandsheet.Thematerialgenerallyusedinthecalenderingprocessisflex...[繼續閱讀]

    Foamedplastics(alsocalledexpandedorcellularplastics)aremadebyaddingairorgastoaplasticresintoformasponge-likematerial.Moderndevelopmentsinplasticfoammoldinghaveplacedthisamongthemajorprocessingtechniquesoftheindustry.Resinscommonlyusedintheproductionofplas...[繼續閱讀]

    Thermoformingplasticsheetmaterialinshortthermoformingisoneofthemajorprocessingtechniquesoftheplasticsindustryandalsooneoftheoldest.Sinceearlyattempts,abouttheturnofthecentury,toshapecellulosicsheet,theprocesshasgrownrapidly.Muchofthegrowthisduetoinnovativ...[繼續閱讀]

    Mixing,beingthefirststepinasequenceofoperations,determinestheefficiencywithwhichsubsequentprocessesmaybecarriedoutandexertsaconsiderableinfluenceonproductperformance.Adequateandconsistentmixingisaprerequisiteforsuccessfulmanufacture.Thetypeofsystemusedfor...[繼續閱讀]

    Extrudersarewidelyusedintherubberindustryinavarietyofapplications.Inlargemixingsystems,dumpextrudersareusedtoacceptthebatchofmaterialfromaninternalmixerandtogiveitashapesuitableforfurtheroperations.Againinthemixingsystem,mixingextrudersorcontinuousmixersa...[繼續閱讀]

    Thefirsteffortsofmanufacturingartificialfiberswereconnectedwiththeattemptstoutilizenaturalpolymers,primarilycelluloseandcasein,asrawmaterials.Althoughsyntheticpolymerswerealreadyknownatthattime,theywereconsideredmerelyascuriosawithoututilitarianvalue.Macr...[繼續閱讀]